<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McLaren, Jake</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parkinson, Stuart</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jackson, Tim</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modelling material cascades â€” frameworks for the environmental assessment of recycling systems</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resources, Conservation &amp; Recycling</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dynamic non-linear modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Energy analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life cycle assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Material cascades</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Material flow accounting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">recycling</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">83-104</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The authors develop a methodological framework for the environmental assessment ofmaterials recycling systems. Typically such systems exhibit both dynamic and non-linearbehaviour. By contrast, many existing environmental assessment techniques (such as LifeCycle Assessment and Materials Flow Analysis) employ a static linear model of theunderlying system. This paper first reviews some of the attempts to develop dynamicnon-linear models for materials systems. It then discusses the structural peculiarities ofrecycling systems drawing attention in particular to the presence of dynamic features (suchas time lags between production and disposal) and non-linearities (such as the dependency ofscrap collection energies on the flow of material through the recycling loop). The principalanalytic task of this paper is to construct an illustrative case study, in which differentmodelling techniques are used to assess the energy requirements of a hypothetical recyclingsystem possessing both dynamic and non-linear features. The difference in system energyintensity derived using the different types of model are analysed. Finally, the paper discussesthe policy implications of these results.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>